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"Concept analysis"

Original Articles
Concept Analysis of Quiet Quitting among Nurses
Eun Ju Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2025;31(2):200-213.   Published online March 31, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2025.31.2.200
Purpose
This concept analysis aimed to deepen the understanding of Quiet Quitting among nurses by identifying its antecedents, defining attributes, and consequences.
Methods
This study employed Walker and Avant’s conceptual analysis framework.
Results
Quiet Quitting among nurses is defined as “a state in which individuals pursue harmony between their work and personal lives by performing only the minimum required tasks, rejecting workplace initiatives, and expressing passive resistance to organizational and job dissatisfaction.” Key antecedents include “fatigue resulting from changes in the healthcare environment”, “lack of managerial competence”, “role stress”, “toxic organizational culture”, “financial problem” and “Generation Z’s evolving perspective on work”. The analysis highlight five primary concerns: a decline in nursing care quality, increased likelihood of job turnover, conflicts with colleagues and supervisors, reduced job satisfaction, and a diminished personal competency.
Conclusion
This study provides a clear definition of Quiet Quitting among nurses and establishes a theoretical basis for addressing the issue. Additionally, it underscores the need for further research, including the development of measurement tools, to better understand and mitigate this phenomenon.
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  • 18 Download
Role Conflict of Physician Assistants with Nursing Licenses in Korea
Byeongkwan Kim, Wonhee Jung
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2024;30(2):141-151.   Published online March 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2024.30.2.141
Purpose
This conceptual analysis aimed to reveal the “role conflict of physician assistants with nursing licenses in Korea” by defining and organizing its concept.
Methods
This study used the conceptual analysis process of Walker and Avant.
Results
The role conflict of Korean physician assistant nurses can be defined by the following attributes: “Confusion of identity,” “Psychological burden of work,” “Anxiety and fear of legal responsibility,” “Anxiety about an uncertain future,” “Relative deprivation,” “Sense of neglect,” and a “Lack of sense of belonging.” The antecedents identified were: “unclear work boundaries,” “absence of work guidelines,” “excessive work and poor environment,” “Absence of regulations and administrative regulation,” “Exclusion from unfair treatment and promotion,” “Difficulty measuring job performance,” “Absence of job autonomy,” and “Physician group interest pursuit.” The consequences were: “Decreased job satisfaction,” “Decreased sense of achievement,” “Decreased self-esteem,” “Limited growth,” “Increased turnover intentions,” “Exhaustion of mind and body,” “Career identity crisis,” and “Frustrations.” Conclusion: This study provides basic data for constructing a theory concerning role conflict among Korean dedicated nurses and promotes the development of measurement tools. Furthermore, it meaningfully presents both theoretical grounds for reducing the role conflict of dedicated nurses and evidence for legalization.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of Role Conflict, Work Environment, and Meaning of Work on Job Embeddedness among Physician Assistants
    Kwang Hoon Seo, Tae Yeong Yang, Nam Gyu Park, Jung Eun Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 249.     CrossRef
  • Role Transformation and Adaptation of Physician Assistants during the 2024 Medical Workforce Shortage: A Phenomenological Study
    Tae Yeong Yang, Nahyun Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 259.     CrossRef
  • Legal and Practical Solutions for the Expanding the Roles of Medical Support Staff Nurses
    Su Jung Choi, Min Young Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(3): 300.     CrossRef
  • 999 View
  • 40 Download
  • 3 Crossref
Concept Analysis of the Clinical Nurses Career Plateau
Ji Hye Kim, Ji Yun Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2023;29(2):119-129.   Published online March 31, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2023.29.2.119
Purpose
This study aimed to clarify and analyze the concept of a career plateau among clinical nurses.
Methods
Using Walker and Avant’s concept analysis framework, 20 articles on the career plateau of clinical nurses were selected for this study.
Results
The attributes of the clinical nurses’ structural career plateau were “unmet need for vertical movement” and “accepting of promotion restrictions”. The attributes of the clinical nurses’ content career plateau were “job repetition”, “involuntary job fixation”, “work lethargy”, “low expectations for nursing professional development,” and “indifference to care recipients”. The antecedent factors for the nurses’ career plateau were “lack of organizational support”, “lack of respect from the organization, bosses, and colleagues”, “personal problems arising or remaining unresolved”, “limited autonomy”, and “absence of role models”. As a consequence of the career plateau, job satisfaction, nursing competency, and nursing quality decreased, while burnout and turnover intention increased.
Conclusion
This study is significant in that it clarified the concept and attributes of the clinical nurses’ career plateau by reflecting the characteristics and purpose of nursing.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Experiences With a Substitution System for Clinical Nurses' Leave of Absence: A Qualitative Study
    Ae R. Kim, Jeong H. Hong, Seieun Oh, Sangwoon Cho, Hye J. Baek
    Research in Nursing & Health.2025; 48(1): 63.     CrossRef
  • Core Competencies and Associated Determinants for Infection Control Nurses by Career Stage Following COVID-19
    Sun Jung, Jeong Sil Choi
    Korean Journal of Healthcare-Associated Infection Control and Prevention.2025; 30(1): 50.     CrossRef
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  • 13 Download
  • 2 Crossref
Concept Analysis of Positive Psychological Capital
Soon Neum Lee, Jung A Kim
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2017;23(2):181-190.   Published online March 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.2.181
PURPOSE
This study was done to clarify the concept analysis of positive psychological capital.
METHODS
Walker and Avant's concept analysis process was used in this study. CINAHL, ProQuest, Web of science, NDSL, RISS databases from 2004 to 2016 were searched using the keywords ‘Positive psychological capital’ and ‘PsyCap’. Sixty-one relevant articles and three book were finally selected.
RESULTS
Analysis of identified literature indicated that positive psychological capital attributes were developable potential, positive cognition, expression of emotion, multiple psychological capability, and resources with positive effect. The antecedents were goal achievement, training, leader's motivation, and supportive organizational environment. The consequences were overall wellbeing which is composed of individual's physical, psychological and social wellbeing and enhancement of work outcome.
CONCLUSION
The findings in this study provide a definition of the concept of positive psychological capital and theoretical evidence for the future research for nurses including program development.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of positive psychological capital and shared leadership on nurses’ organizational well-being: a descriptive survey study
    HyunJoo Lee, Dong-Hee Kim, Yujin Kim
    BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analyzing the effect of dental hygienists’ resilience and subjective career success on their relationship with intention to stay
    Soo-Auk Park
    Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2025; 25(2): 153.     CrossRef
  • Factors affecting pediatric nurses’ development of partnerships with parents of hospitalized children: An evaluation based on the stress-coping adaptation model
    In Young Cho, So Hyoung Hong, Ji Yeong Yun
    Journal of Child Health Care.2025; 29(1): 53.     CrossRef
  • The impact of perceived stress on job satisfaction among nurse managers: a moderated mediation model of job burnout and psychological capital
    Hengyu Hu, Shuying Chang, Gang Tian, Zhen Li, Lu Chang, Junmei Zhang, Chunyan Cheng, Hongmei Zhang, Panpan Cui
    BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Affecting factors of clinical dental hygienists’ intention on retention
    Hye-Jin Lee, Hee-Hong Min
    Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2024; 24(1): 27.     CrossRef
  • Job crafting, positive psychological capital, and social support as predictors of job embeddedness on among clinical nurses- a structural model design
    Mi-Soon Yun, Miyoung Lee, Eun-Hi Choi
    BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Nursing Performance of Intensive Care Unit Nurses: Role of Clinical Reasoning Competence, Positive Psychological Capital, and Nursing Work Environment
    MiRim Heo, Haena Jang
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2024; 17(2): 83.     CrossRef
  • Effect of positive psychological capital on burnout in public hospital nurses: Mediating effect of compassion fatigue is greater than compassion satisfaction
    Sin Ah Kim, Sung Reul Kim, Hye Young Kim
    Japan Journal of Nursing Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The relationship between psychiatric nurses’ perceived organizational support and job burnout: Mediating role of psychological capital
    Yingxue Tang, Yingxuan Wang, Haiying Zhou, Juan Wang, Rui Zhang, Qinghua Lu
    Frontiers in Psychology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The effect of grit on the work engagement of nurses: The mediating effects of positive psychological capital and burnout
    Mi Kyung Park, Won Hwa Kim
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2023; 29(2): 161.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Nursing Unit Managers’ Authentic Leadership, Transformational Leadership, and Transactional Leadership on Turnover Intention in Advanced Beginner Nurses: Mediation Effects of Positive Psychological Capital
    Eun Jeong Kim, Eungyung Kim, Son Ja Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(4): 409.     CrossRef
  • Impact of dental hygienists’ positive psychological capital, growth mindset, and self-leadership on retention intention
    Hye-Eun Cho, Ji-Yeon Lee
    Journal of Korean Society of Dental Hygiene.2023; 23(6): 441.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Work Environment, Job Engagement, and Positive Psychological Capital on Job Embeddedness of Hospital Nurses
    Hee Jung Kwag, Nam Young Yang
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(2): 109.     CrossRef
  • Structural Equation Modeling of Advanced Beginner-Stage Nurses' Intention to Continue Employment
    Seung-Hee Lee, Hwasoon Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(5): 517.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Positive Psychological Capital and Organizational Justice on Job Embeddedness of Clinical Nurses
    Youn Shin Lee, Heeyoung Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2022; 28(3): 228.     CrossRef
  • Influences of positive psychological capital, interpersonal competence, and character on caring efficiency in nursing students
    Suhye Kwon, Minjoo Hong, Min Ryu, Haeyun Shin
    The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education.2022; 28(4): 411.     CrossRef
  • Factors influencing nurses’ intention to care for patients with COVID-19: Focusing on positive psychological capital and nursing professionalism
    Sun-a Jeong, Jinhee Kim, César Leal-Costa
    PLOS ONE.2022; 17(1): e0262786.     CrossRef
  • The Influence of Emotional Labor, Positive Psychological, Capital, and Rewards on the Retention Intention among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Ward Nurses in Regional Public Hospitals
    Kyung Jin Jeon, Min Jeong Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(2): 181.     CrossRef
  • Influences of Job Stress and Positive Psychological Capital on Turnover Intention among Novice Nurses
    Soonjeong Kwon, Moonhee Gang
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(3): 159.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Organizational Commitment of Nurses in Korean Red Cross Blood Center: Focusing on Positive Psychological Capital, Communication Ability, and Social Support
    Sun Young Park, Jae Soon Yoo
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2020; 31(2): 179.     CrossRef
  • Prediction Model for Nursing Work Outcome of Nurses: Focused on Positive Psychological Capital
    Soon Neum Lee, Jung A Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(1): 1.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Positive Psychological Capital, Reward on Retention Intention of Hospital Nurses
    Sun-Joo Cho, Su-Jin Lim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(5): 563.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Nurses' Positive Psychological Capital, Self-Leadership, and Relational Bonds on Organizational Commitment
    Shi Nae Kwon, Hyo Jung Park
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(3): 241.     CrossRef
  • Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses
    Sooyeong Kim, YoungRan Kweon
    Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 199.     CrossRef
  • 198 View
  • 2 Download
  • 24 Crossref
Nurses' Safety in the Hospital Environment: Evolutionary Concept Analysis
Jin Hee Park, Eun Nam Lee
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2016;22(4):406-414.   Published online September 30, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2016.22.4.406
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of nurses' safety within the context of the hospital environment.
METHODS
We used Rodgers' method of evolutionary concept analysis and reviewed the relevant literature and noted and categorized characteristics that appeared frequently.
RESULTS
Nurses' safety was defined as safe status and safe activity among nurses. Three key defining attributes were identified as: (a) the minimization of actual or perceived risk, (b) personal duties and rights, and (c) ensuring within a safe working environment. Antecedents of nurses' safety were categorized into three dimensions: (a) individual, including vigilance and knowledge gained through education and training; (b) institutional, including safety provision in the organizations; and (c) national, including legislation. The outcomes of nurses' safety included the following: (a) continued competence in nurses' work; (b) enhancement of the quality of patient care; and (c) reductions in nurses' turnover rates.
CONCLUSION
Nurses' safety ensures that qualified nurses are able to continue to perform their duties and provide good patient care. The findings of this study could contribute to future research examining nurses' safety. In addition, appropriate tools must be developed to measure the concept.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Factors affecting nurses' attitudes towards risks in the work environment: A cross‐sectional study
    Sibel Gülen, Ülkü Baykal, Nilgün Göktepe
    Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 3264.     CrossRef
  • Occupational stressors in oncology nurses: A qualitative descriptive study
    Mozhgan Soheili, Fariba Taleghani, Fariba Jokar, Maryam Eghbali‐Babadi, Mehran Sharifi
    Journal of Clinical Nursing.2021; 30(21-22): 3171.     CrossRef
  • 107 View
  • 1 Download
  • 2 Crossref
Concept Analysis of Nursing Leadership
Jung Sook Kim, Yun Min Kim, Keum Seong Jang, Bok Nam Kim, Seok Hee Jeong
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(5):575-586.   Published online December 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.5.575
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to provide a concept analysis of nursing leadership.
METHODS
The concept analysis process of Walker and Avant (2011) was used. A review of the literature was conducted using several databases, including PubMed, CINAHL, Ovid-Medline, DBpia, and KISS. The databases were searched using the following terms 'nursing leadership', 'nursing' & 'leadership', and 'nurse & 'leadership', and for studies published from January 2000 to March 2015. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied.
RESULTS
Analysis of these studies indicated nursing leadership attributes were individual growth, collaboration, nursing excellence, creative problem solving, and influence. The antecedents of nursing leadership were the individual maturity level, construction of mutual trust and confidential relationships, and a job requirement. The consequences were improvement in nursing productivity, development of a supportive work environment, and satisfaction with the nursing profession.
CONCLUSION
The findings in this study provide a definite concept of nursing leadership. The findings also provide the theoretical evidence for the development of nursing leadership competencies in nursing students and professional nurses.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effects of a nursing leadership program on self-leadership, interpersonal relationships, clinical performance, problem-solving abilities, and nursing professionalism among nursing students in South Korea: a quasi-experimental study
    Sunmi Kim, Young Ju Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Seok Hee Jeong, Eun Jee Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2025; 55(1): 137.     CrossRef
  • Global research trends in nursing leadership from 1985 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis
    Changchang Chen, Xutong Zheng, Wenjie Chen, Hezi Mu, Man Zhang, Hongjuan Lang, Xuejun Hu
    Leadership in Health Services.2024; 37(3): 359.     CrossRef
  • General Nurses’ Nursing Leadership Experience in Patient Care: Applying Focus Group Interviews
    Ji-Mee Kim, Haena Lim, Yeojin Yi, Jung-Hee Song
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(1): 19.     CrossRef
  • Factors Related to Emotional Leadership in Nurses Manager: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    Se Young Jang, Chan Mi Park, Eun Hee Yang
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2024; 54(2): 119.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Patient Safety Management System, Leadership, and Communication Types on Nurse’ Patient Safety Management Activities
    Eunji Lee, Haejung Lee
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2024; 30(4): 367.     CrossRef
  • The Leadership Experience of Advanced Practice Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital Setting : Focus Group Interview
    Eun Sook Kim, Nayeon Kim, Su Jung Choi, Nari Kim, Young Hee Kim, Jung Yoon Lee, Eun-Hye Kim
    Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2023; 16(3): 48.     CrossRef
  • Nursing leaders' perceptions of the state of nursing leadership and the need for nursing leadership education reform: A qualitative content analysis from South Korea
    Hae‐Ok Kim, Insook Lee, Byoung‐Sook Lee
    Journal of Nursing Management.2022; 30(7): 2216.     CrossRef
  • Development of international nursing standard–based curriculum for North Korean nurses
    Younhee Kang, Insook Yang, Eliza Lee, Chohee Bang
    International Nursing Review.2022; 69(4): 503.     CrossRef
  • Nursing Leadership Competencies among New Nurses: Perceptions of Nursing Managers’
    Jimee Kim, Sung Kyung Hong, Mi Mi Park, Jae Sun Yu
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2021; 27(5): 344.     CrossRef
  • Concept Analysis of Leadership Activities in the Nursing Students
    Jeong-Soo KIM
    JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2021; 33(3): 667.     CrossRef
  • A Literature Review of Research on Leadership of Korean Hospital Nurse
    Sunmi Kim, Myoung Hee Seo, Seok Hee Jeong, Hee Sun Kim, Yoon Lee Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2019; 25(5): 404.     CrossRef
  • Reliability and Validity of the Clinical Competency Scale for Nursing Students
    Bo Young Kim, Myeong Jeong Chae, Yun Ok Choi
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2018; 29(2): 220.     CrossRef
  • Validity and Reliability of the Nurses' Self-Concept Instrument (NSCI) for Registered Nurses in Long-term Care Hospitals
    Jung Mi Ryu, Myoung Soo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2017; 28(4): 366.     CrossRef
  • A Study on Evaluation System for Nursing Bachelor Degree Program Outcomes: Focus on Improvement in Nursing Leadership Ability
    Keum Seong Jang, Bok Nam Kim, Seok Hee Jeong, Yun Min Kim, Jung Sook Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2016; 22(5): 540.     CrossRef
  • 214 View
  • 3 Download
  • 14 Crossref
Concept Analysis of Health Inequalities
Jeong Ok Kwon, Eun Nam Lee, Sun Hyoung Bae
J Korean Acad Nurs Adm 2015;21(1):20-31.   Published online January 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.1.20
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to explore ways to define the concept of health inequality.
METHODS
The concept analysis process by Walker and Avant was used to clarify the meaning of health inequality.
RESULTS
Defining attributes of health inequality included differences in health status between individuals or groups, infringement of fundamental rights to health, unfair use of medical services, and social discrimination. The antecedents of health inequality included differences in demographic characteristics (age, gender, education, occupation, residential location), limitations in accessibility to health care, and social exclusion. Consequences of health inequality were increased costs for medical care, decreased health-related quality of life, and lack of ability to cope with health problems resulting in crisis situations, increases in morbidity and mortality, and shortening of life span. The concept was clarified through presentation of model, borderline, related, and contrary cases.
CONCLUSION
Results of this study can be used to guide the direction of future studies through concept analysis in which conceptual attributes in the context of health inequality are examined. Also, based on the result of this study, development of standardized tools to measure health inequality is recommended as well as development of educational programs to reduce health inequalities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The moderating effect of health inequality in the relationship between income and relative leisure deprivation among baby boomers
    Yu-Jin Lee, Hyang-Hee Hwang, Bo-Ram Kim
    Korean Journal of Lesure, Recreation & Park.2024; 48(1): 31.     CrossRef
  • Anxiety, Nursing Satisfaction Level, and Experience of Users of The General Health Checkup Center: A Mixed Methods Study
    Eun Kook Kim, Hyejin Hyun, Yeon Jeong Heo
    Journal of Korean Association for Qualitative Research.2024; 9(3): 242.     CrossRef
  • Moderating effect of social support on the impact of income on postpartum depression: Focusing on maternal health inequalities
    Insun Choi, So-Young Lee
    Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2023; 40(3): 25.     CrossRef
  • Individual and Regional Determinants to the Chronic Diseases in Seoul
    Seo Young Yu, Donghyun Kim
    Journal of Korea Planning Association.2023; 58(7): 39.     CrossRef
  • Regional Health Disparities between Mortality Rates in Three Leading Causes of Death : A Comparative Study of Spatial Dependence in Local Death Rate between Cancer, Heart Disease, and Pneumonia
    Hee-Jung Jun, SeungYeoup Kang
    Journal of Korea Planning Association.2023; 58(2): 38.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Occupational Stress among Occupational Groups Related to Healthcare Accreditation on Turnover Intention
    So-Hee Nam, Yeon-Jeong Heo
    Quality Improvement in Health Care.2022; 28(1): 55.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of Major Factors Affecting the Quality of Life of the Elderly in Korea in Preparation for a Super-Aged Society
    Bo-Ram Kim, Hyang-Hee Hwang
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(15): 9618.     CrossRef
  • Factors Influencing Unmet Healthcare Needs among Older Korean Women
    Jung A. Choi, Oksoo Kim
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(13): 6862.     CrossRef
  • Healthcare Safety Nets during the COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Double Diamond Model: A Concept Analysis
    Bom-Mi Park, Hyun-Jung Lee
    Healthcare.2021; 9(8): 1014.     CrossRef
  • Spatial Distribution of Local Health Inequities : An Analysis of Local Mortality
    Hee-Jung Jun, Seung-Yeoup Kang
    Journal of Korea Planning Association.2021; 56(5): 228.     CrossRef
  • An Exploratory Study of Health Inequality Discourse Using Korean Newspaper Articles: A Topic Modeling Approach
    Jin-Hwan Kim
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2019; 52(6): 384.     CrossRef
  • Social Disparities in Utilization of Preventive Health Services among Korean Women Aged 40-64
    Hyun Hee Park, In Ae Chun, So Yeon Ryu, Jong Park, Mi Ah Han, Sung Woo Chio, Jun Ho Shin
    Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2016; 41(4): 369.     CrossRef
  • 73 View
  • 2 Download
  • 12 Crossref
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