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Original Article

Analysis of Qualitative Research Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (First publication to the end of 2016)

Kwang-Ok Park1, Soyoung Yu2, Eunhee Lee3, Jee-In Hwang4, Miyoung Kim5
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration 2017;23(4):427-438.
Published online: September 17, 2017

1Department of Nursing, College of Life Science and National Resources, Sunchon National University

2College of Nursing, CHA University

3Division of Nursing, Hallym University

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Corresponding author: Kim, Miyoung, College of Nursing, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3277-6694, Fax: +82-2-3277-2850, E-mail: mykim0808@ewha.ac.kr
• Received: August 14, 2017   • Revised: September 11, 2017   • Accepted: September 15, 2017

Copyright © 2017 Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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  • Purpose:
    This study was done to analyze qualitative research published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (JKANA).
  • Methods:
    Selected studies included 38 qualitative studies in which an interview was used and which were published in JKANA from 1995 to 2016 (22 years). Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ), a reporting guideline for analysis of qualitative research was employed.
  • Results:
    Items that were included in less than half of the selected studies were as follows: interviewers’ credentials, occupation, gender, and relationship established with participants in the 1st domain; non-participants, presence of non-participants, and transcripts returned in the 2nd domain; participant checking in the 3rd domain.
  • Conclusion:
    Findings indicate that future challenges face JKANA qualitative researchers. First, the expansion of qualitative research should be ensured to explain complex interaction between humans and the environment. Second, a variety of qualitative research methods should be considered to enhance understanding of nursing fields. Third, research procedures should be described more precisely to increase transparency of research results. Fourth, not only personal information on the researcher but also how subjective opinions of the researcher reflected in the research process should be explained in detail to clarify the relationship between researchers and participants.
  • Key Words: Qualitative research; Nursing; Publishing
Table 1.
General Characteristics of Qualitative Research (N=38)
Characteristics Categories n(%) M±SD Min Max
Year of publication 1995 2 (5.3) 1.73±0.68 1 6
1996 1 (2.6)
2001 1 (2.6)
2002 2 (5.3)
2003 2 (5.3)
2004 1 (2.6)
2005 1 (2.6)
2007 3 (7.9)
2008 2 (5.3)
2009 4 (10.5)
2011 1 (2.6)
2012 3 (7.9)
2013 5 (13.2)
2014 6 (15.8)
2015 1 (2.6)
2016 3 (7.9)
Participants Nurse 32 (84.2)
Patient 3 (7.9)
Lay person, adult 3 (7.9)
Method of data collection Interview 27 (71.1)
Interview+participant observation 3 (7.9)
Interview+journaling 1 (2.6)
Interview+field note 1 (2.6)
Interview+historical document 1 (2.6)
Interview+historical document+picture+diary 1 (2.6)
Individual interview+focus group interview 2 (5.3)
Focus group interview 2 (5.3)
Period of data collection (month) 4.53 1 11
Table 2.
Domain 1: Research Team and Reflexivity (N=38)
Items Categories n(%)
Personal 1. Interviewer/Facilitator Single research 7(18.4)
characteristics Joint research Stated 9 (29.0)
Not stated 22 (71.0)
2. Credentials Stated 9 (23.7)
Not stated 29 (76.3)
3. Occupation Stated 6 (15.8)
Not stated 32 (84.2)
4. Gender Stated 0(0.0)
5. Experience and training Stated 24 (63.2)
Not stated 14 (36.8)
6. Relationship established Stated 10 (26.3)
Relationship with Not stated 28 (73.7)
  participants 7. Participant knowledge of the interviewer Stated 38(100.0)
8. Interviewer characteristics Stated 23 (60.5)
Not stated 15 (39.5)
Table 3.
Domain 2: Study Design (N=38
Items Categories n(%) M±SD Min Max
Theoretical 9. Methodological Phenomenology 15 (39.4)
  framework orientation and theory Grounded theory 11 (28.9)
Ethnography 2 (5.3)
Focus group interview 3 (7.9)
Qualitative thematic analysis 2 (5.3)
Oral history study 2 (5.3)
Content analysis 3 (7.9)
Participant 10. Sampling Purposive 6 (15.8)
Convenience 21 (55.3)
Snowballing 2 (5.3)
Others (Two or more) 8 (21.0)
Not stated 1 (2.6)
11. Method of approach Face-to-face 25 (86.2)
Mail 2 (6.9)
Phone 2 (6.9)
12. Sample size Stated 24(100.0) 12.24±5.82 5 36
13. Non-participation Stated 4 (10.5)
Not stated 34 (89.5)
Setting 14. Setting for data collection Stated 33 (86.8)
Not stated 5 (13.2)
15. Presence of non-participants Stated 5 (13.2)
Not stated 33 (86.8)
16. Description of sample Stated 38(100.0)
Data 17. Interview guide Question with guide 9 (23.7)
  collection Question without guide 25 (65.8)
Not stated 4 (10.5)
18. Repeat interviews Stated 29 (76.3)
Not stated 9 (23.7)
19. Audio / visual recording Stated 38(100.0)
20. Field notes Stated 21 (55.3)
Not stated 17 (44.7)
21. Duration Stated 35 (92.1)
No stated 3 (7.9)
22. Data saturation Stated 28 (73.7)
Not stated 10 (27.3)
23. Transcripts returned Stated 16 (42.1)
Not stated 22 (57.9)
Table 4.
Domain 3: Analysis and Findings (N=38)
Items Categories n(%)
Data analysis 24. Number of data coders Stated 19 (50.0)
Not stated 19 (50.0)
25. Description of the coding tree Stated 36 (94.7)
Not stated 2 (5.3)
26. Derivation of themes Derived from the data 38(100.0)
27. Software use Not used 38(100.0)
28. Participant checking Stated 18 (47.4)
Not stated 20 (52.6)
Reporting 29. Quotations presented Stated 35 (92.1)
Not stated 3 (7.9)
30. Data and findings consistent Consistent 38(100.0)
31. Clarity of minor themes Clear 36 (94.7)
Not clear 2 (5.3)
32. Clarity of minor themes Clear 26 (68.4)
Not clear 12 (31.6)
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    DOI: https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2017.23.4.427
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    Analysis of Qualitative Research Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (First publication to the end of 2016)
    Analysis of Qualitative Research Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (First publication to the end of 2016)

    General Characteristics of Qualitative Research (N=38)

    Characteristics Categories n(%) M±SD Min Max
    Year of publication 1995 2 (5.3) 1.73±0.68 1 6
    1996 1 (2.6)
    2001 1 (2.6)
    2002 2 (5.3)
    2003 2 (5.3)
    2004 1 (2.6)
    2005 1 (2.6)
    2007 3 (7.9)
    2008 2 (5.3)
    2009 4 (10.5)
    2011 1 (2.6)
    2012 3 (7.9)
    2013 5 (13.2)
    2014 6 (15.8)
    2015 1 (2.6)
    2016 3 (7.9)
    Participants Nurse 32 (84.2)
    Patient 3 (7.9)
    Lay person, adult 3 (7.9)
    Method of data collection Interview 27 (71.1)
    Interview+participant observation 3 (7.9)
    Interview+journaling 1 (2.6)
    Interview+field note 1 (2.6)
    Interview+historical document 1 (2.6)
    Interview+historical document+picture+diary 1 (2.6)
    Individual interview+focus group interview 2 (5.3)
    Focus group interview 2 (5.3)
    Period of data collection (month) 4.53 1 11

    Domain 1: Research Team and Reflexivity (N=38)

    Items Categories n(%)
    Personal 1. Interviewer/Facilitator Single research 7(18.4)
    characteristics Joint research Stated 9 (29.0)
    Not stated 22 (71.0)
    2. Credentials Stated 9 (23.7)
    Not stated 29 (76.3)
    3. Occupation Stated 6 (15.8)
    Not stated 32 (84.2)
    4. Gender Stated 0(0.0)
    5. Experience and training Stated 24 (63.2)
    Not stated 14 (36.8)
    6. Relationship established Stated 10 (26.3)
    Relationship with Not stated 28 (73.7)
      participants 7. Participant knowledge of the interviewer Stated 38(100.0)
    8. Interviewer characteristics Stated 23 (60.5)
    Not stated 15 (39.5)

    Domain 2: Study Design (N=38

    Items Categories n(%) M±SD Min Max
    Theoretical 9. Methodological Phenomenology 15 (39.4)
      framework orientation and theory Grounded theory 11 (28.9)
    Ethnography 2 (5.3)
    Focus group interview 3 (7.9)
    Qualitative thematic analysis 2 (5.3)
    Oral history study 2 (5.3)
    Content analysis 3 (7.9)
    Participant 10. Sampling Purposive 6 (15.8)
    Convenience 21 (55.3)
    Snowballing 2 (5.3)
    Others (Two or more) 8 (21.0)
    Not stated 1 (2.6)
    11. Method of approach Face-to-face 25 (86.2)
    Mail 2 (6.9)
    Phone 2 (6.9)
    12. Sample size Stated 24(100.0) 12.24±5.82 5 36
    13. Non-participation Stated 4 (10.5)
    Not stated 34 (89.5)
    Setting 14. Setting for data collection Stated 33 (86.8)
    Not stated 5 (13.2)
    15. Presence of non-participants Stated 5 (13.2)
    Not stated 33 (86.8)
    16. Description of sample Stated 38(100.0)
    Data 17. Interview guide Question with guide 9 (23.7)
      collection Question without guide 25 (65.8)
    Not stated 4 (10.5)
    18. Repeat interviews Stated 29 (76.3)
    Not stated 9 (23.7)
    19. Audio / visual recording Stated 38(100.0)
    20. Field notes Stated 21 (55.3)
    Not stated 17 (44.7)
    21. Duration Stated 35 (92.1)
    No stated 3 (7.9)
    22. Data saturation Stated 28 (73.7)
    Not stated 10 (27.3)
    23. Transcripts returned Stated 16 (42.1)
    Not stated 22 (57.9)

    Domain 3: Analysis and Findings (N=38)

    Items Categories n(%)
    Data analysis 24. Number of data coders Stated 19 (50.0)
    Not stated 19 (50.0)
    25. Description of the coding tree Stated 36 (94.7)
    Not stated 2 (5.3)
    26. Derivation of themes Derived from the data 38(100.0)
    27. Software use Not used 38(100.0)
    28. Participant checking Stated 18 (47.4)
    Not stated 20 (52.6)
    Reporting 29. Quotations presented Stated 35 (92.1)
    Not stated 3 (7.9)
    30. Data and findings consistent Consistent 38(100.0)
    31. Clarity of minor themes Clear 36 (94.7)
    Not clear 2 (5.3)
    32. Clarity of minor themes Clear 26 (68.4)
    Not clear 12 (31.6)
    Table 1. General Characteristics of Qualitative Research (N=38)

    Table 2. Domain 1: Research Team and Reflexivity (N=38)

    Table 3. Domain 2: Study Design (N=38

    Table 4. Domain 3: Analysis and Findings (N=38)

    Table 1.

    Table 2.

    Table 3.

    Table 4.

    J Korean Acad Nurs Adm : Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration

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