Purpose The study aimed to identify the factors impacting nurse unit managers’ knowledge and ability importance of managerial competencies. Methods The participants were 200 nurse unit managers who worked at general hospitals or tertiary care hospitals. Data were collected from February 1 to June 30, 2021, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, paired t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression analysis with IBM SPSS/WIN 26.0. Results Nurse unit managers perceived the ability of managerial competencies to be less important than knowledge thereof. Overall, nurse unit managers perceived the importance of human and technical competencies as the most important, while the importance of financial managerial competency as the lowest. The significant predictors of knowledge and ability importance of managerial competencies were ‘nursing environment’ and ‘research experience’, and the input variables explained 34% of knowledge importance and 25% of ability importance. Conclusion Nurse administrators should continue to pay attention to the nursing environment, provide nursing unit managers with opportunities to conduct various research and provide related education.
Purpose This study examined the influence of patient safety management systems, leadership, and communication types on nurses’ patient safety management activities. Methods Participants were 237 nurses who has been working in medical institutes for over 6 months. Online self-report questionnaires were conducted. Measures included patient safety management systems, transformational leadership, authentic leadership, communication types, and patient safety management activities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results According to the general characteristics, patient safety management activities were higher among nurses who were female (t=4.27, p<.001), charge nurses (t=-2.41, p=.016), had healthcare accreditation experience (t=4.36, p<.001), and worked in nursing units implementing a team nursing method (F=6.26, p=.002) with more than 30 nurses (F=6.28, p=.043). Female nurses (β=.16, p=.015) with high authentic leadership (β=.21, p=.002), low informal communication (β=-.21, p=.004), and high downward communication (β=.19, p=.009) showed higher patient safety management activities. The models' explanatory power was 21.0%. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, further research is needed to investigate the differences in patient safety management activities according to gender, the number of nurses per ward, and the nursing delivery system. Lowering informal communication and strengthening authentic leadership and downward communication may improve nurses’ patient safety management activities.
Purpose This study investigated the mediating effects of patient safety management activities on the relationship between nurse-nurse collaboration, nurse-physician collaboration, and nursing performance of clinical nurses. Methods Online survey was performed from February 18 to February 28, 2023 using structured questionnaires. The participants were 212 clinical nurses working in tertiary general hospitals in South Korea. The participants completed self-reporting questionnaires, that measured nurse-nurse collaboration, nurse-physician collaboration, nursing performance, and patient safety management activities. Data were analyzed using SPSS 29.0 program, for multiple regression and a simple mediation model, applying the PROCESS macro with a 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval. Results Nurses' patient safety management activities had a mediating effect on the relationship between nurse-nurse collaboration and nursing performance (B=0.24, Boot 95% CI=0.16∼0.34). In addition, patient safety management activities showed a mediating effect on the relationship between nurse-physician collaboration and nursing performance (B=0.10, Boot 95% CI=0.07∼0.15). Conclusion The levels of nurse-nurse collaboration, nurse-physician collaboration, and patient safety management activities must be considered when developing strategies to improve nurses’ performance in nursing practice settings.
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Purpose To examine the characteristics, core variables, and their correlations in articles published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration (JKANA) from 2012-2021 and suggest future directions for nursing management research. Methods A total of 506 articles were analyzed according to study design, participants and setting, statistical methods, keywords, and core concepts and variables. Results Quantitative research accounted for 73.5%, and most participants were staff nurses (66.8%) and nursing students (9.1%). Furthermore, 318 studies (62.8%) conducted surveys, and settings were mainly acute hospitals(81.5%) and nursing schools (9.7%). Statistical methods for data analysis included independent t-test (81.2%), one-way ANOVA (77.2%), Pearson correlation coefficients (77.2%), post-hoc testing (74.3%), and linear regression(65.9%). Among 2,058 keywords, the most frequent were “nurses” (49.2%), “job satisfaction” (10.7%), and “personnel turnover” (9.1%). The most frequently core concepts were job satisfaction (10.5%), turnover intention(9.5%), organizational commitment (8.5%), and job stress (7.5%). The most frequently variables with significant correlations were turnover intention, work environment, job satisfaction, job stress, burnout, and emotional labor. Conclusion Most JKANA studies examined nursing-related outcomes and performance. Future research should examine the effects of nursing practice and policy on patient outcomes.
Purpose This study examined the effect of missed nursing care on nursing sensitive indicators. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaires. Data of 174 clinical nurses employed in general or tertiary hospitals were collected through proportional quota sampling; the quota used was the location of a working hospital in South Korea. Data were collected through an online survey and snowball sampling from July 16 to July 20, 2022. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 26.0. Results Missed nursing care had statistically significant negative correlations with patient safety management activity and job satisfaction, and significant positive correlation with turnover intention. Significant correlation was not found between missed nursing care and adverse event experiences. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that missed nursing care explained an additional 21%p of patient safety management activity, 14%p of job satisfaction, and 3%p of turnover intention. Thus, missed nursing care was found to be a statistically significant predictor of patient safety management activity, job satisfaction, and turnover intention. Conclusion Missed nursing care significantly affects nursing sensitive indicators. To improve positive outcomes and decrease negative outcomes, nurses and nursing managers must make efforts to minimize missed nursing care.
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Purpose This study aims to analyze the financial performance research trends in medical institutions and to suggest the necessity and future research direction for financial management from the perspective of nursing organizations.
Methods: Financial performance research in medical institutions was extracted by combining the keywords ‘finance’, ‘nursing’, ‘medical’, and ‘hospital’ in three domestic and foreign online databases. 55 studies were finally extracted.
Results: Of the 55 studies selected, 41.8% have been published after 2010, and 79.6% have been published in Korea. 83.6% of the studies used financial statements, and 74.5% used the financial ratio. Among the studies on the use of financial statements, 40 balance sheets and 41 profit and loss statements were used.
Conclusion: There were some limitations in deriving implications for financial performance management at the level of nursing organization. When establishing strategies for future financial performance improvement, it is recommended to prioritize nursing cost optimization and profitability enhancement at the nursing organization level.
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the influences of teamwork and job burnout on patient safety management activities (PSMA) among operating room nurses.
Methods: We collected cross-sectional data from 144 operating room nurses with at least 1 year of clinical experience. Teamwork had five subscales (team structure, leadership, situation monitoring, mutual support, and communication) and burnout had two subscales (exhaustion and disengagement). We used descriptive statistics, t-tests, analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression.
Results: PSMA had significant positive correlations with all subscales of teamwork and had a significant negative correlation with disengagement. Multiple regression analysis revealed that gender, clinical career in operating room, number of patient safety education, accreditation evaluation experience, team structure, and situation monitoring were associated with PSMA. Specifically, we found significant positive associations of team structure (β=.31, p<.001) and situation monitoring (β=.23, p=.039) with PSMA. Disengagement was not associated with PSMA after adjusting for confounders despite a significant correlation.
Conclusion: To improve operating room nurses’ PSMA, it is important to improve their awareness of the team structure and their ability to monitor the operating room situation.
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Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 203 nurses working at three advanced general hospitals in G metropolitan city and C province. The participants completed a questionnaire about behavioral indicators which measured their nursing management performance and development needs. Their career levels were divided into four. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Borich need, and the Locus for Focus model.
Results: The mean levels of nursing management performance and competency development needs were 2.78±0.75 and 4.07±0.58, respectively. There was a significant difference in nursing management performance and development needs according to career level (F=6.18, p<.001, F=12.35, p<.001). Priority need analysis showed that level 1, level 2, level 3, level 4 nurses had higher demands for self-development and adaptation to new changes/organization/nursing work performance and information management role/creativity development, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings provide a basis for training systems that differentiate between contents and degrees of nursing management competency based on career level to develop nursing human resources.
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Purpose This study aimed to examine the association of job crafting and perception of patient safety culture with patient safety management activities among hospital nurses.
Methods: This study used a questionnaire that contained the scales of Job Crafting, Patient Safety Culture, and Patient Safety Management Activities. The participants were 211 nurses from two hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlations and simultaneous multiple regression.
Results: The mean scores of the variables were as follows: job crafting, 3.42 out of 5; perception of patient safety culture, 3.77 out of 5; and patient safety management activities, 4.30 out of 5. The items ‘using professional autonomy’ of job crafting and ‘patient safety knowledge/attitude’ and ‘teamwork’ of patient safety culture were associated with the patient safety management activities among nurses.
Conclusion: Nurses’ patient safety knowledge and attitude of striving for patient safety influenced nurses’ patient safety management activities. To enhance nurses’ patient safety knowledge and attitude, hospitals should develop continuously provide education programs. Nurse managers need to strive for supportive teamwork and encourage adherence to patient safety rules. For nurses’ patient safety management activities, nurse education should highlight nursing as a profession that entails autonomous nursing care, which includes responsibility for patient safety.
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Purpose This study is a descriptive research study conducted for the perioperative nurses of operating room to strengthen their capacity for patient safety and use them as basic data for sustainable surgical nursing practice education.
Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional survey design using a self-report questionnaire. Data were collected from January 25 to February 15, 2019 from 142 nurses in the operating rooms of four university hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. For data analysis, mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used using SPSS version 24.0.
Results: The variables affecting the patient safety management activities of the subjects were operating room safety management education experience (once or more in 3 months) (β=.15, p=.034), perception of patient safety atmosphere (β=.23, p=.022), and safety control (β=.46, p<.001), and the total explanatory power of these variables was 39% (Adjusted R 2 =.39, F=6.41, p<.001).
Conclusion: It was found that for positive patient safety management activities of perioperative nurses, it is necessary to develop and apply an operating room safety management education program that includes patient safety atmosphere awareness and safety control as components.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of job crafting, job engagement on career management behavior among public institution nurses and to investigate the mediating effect of job engagement.
Methods: This study was a descriptive survey, with 176 public institution nurses working in seven institutions participating. Structured questionnaires were used, collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis with SPSS statistics 26.0 program.
Results: Career management behavior were significantly associated with job crafting (β=.52, p<.001), job engagement (β=.20, p=.015). These variables explained 48.0% of career management behavior. Also, job engagement had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between job crafting and career management behavior.
Conclusion: Findings indicate that the relationship between job crafting and career management behavior among public institution nurses is mediated by job engagement. Strategies for enhancing career management behavior among public institution nurses should be considered to enhance job crafting and job engagement. The results can contribute to the establishment of a human resource management system for public institution nurses.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of nursing workplace spirituality, organizational citizenship behavior, and perception of patient safety management on patient safety nursing activities of nurses at a tertiary hospital.
Methods: The subjects were 136 nurses who had more than a year of clinical experience and were currently working in tertiary hospitals in D city. Data was collected from October 2 to October 13, 2020 using self-report questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis using the IBM SPSS 25.0 program.
Results: There was statistically significant correlation among nursing workplace spirituality, organizational citizenship behavior, perception of patient safety management, and patient safety nursing activities. The most significant predictor that affected patient safety nursing activities of nurses was nurses’ perception of patient safety management. This model showed a 42.0% explanation of patient safety nursing activities.
Conclusion: In order to improve the patient safety nursing activities of nurses, an organizational approach to enhancing perception of patient safety management and application of patient safety education programs are required.
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Purpose This study investigated patient safety culture, safety knowledge, incident reporting attitude, and safety nursing activities, and determined the factors influencing nurses’ safety nursing activities at a nationally designated infectious disease hospital.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with 169 nurses. Data analysis, including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis, were performed using SPSS 26.0.
Results: Factors influencing safety nursing activities included patient safety culture (β=.26, t=2.39, p=.018), safety knowledge (β=.25, t=2.67, p=.009), and mild severity (β=.17, t=2.52, p=.013). These variables explained 31.0% of the safety nursing activities.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between career management, organizational justice, and job rotation attitude among tertiary hospital nurses.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The participants were 195 nurses with more than one year of experience working at tertiary care hospitals.
Data was collected with self-reported questionnaires from April to May 2018. Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 25.0 for windows including descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multiple regression analysis.
Results: The mean score of career management of participants was 3.14±0.49 (range 1~5), organizational justice was 2.95±0.53 (range 1~5), and job rotation attitude was 4.02±0.97 (range 1~7). There were significant positive correlations among the participants' career management, organizational justice, and job rotation attitude. 37% of job rotation attitude was explained by position, organizational justice, career management, and the frequency of job rotation experience in the regression model.
Conclusion: This study provided the empirical evidence that it is necessary to improve the perception of organizational justice, and to establish a systematic job rotation in order for nurses to positively recognize job rotation.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of the organizational factors and nursing competency of novice and advanced beginner nurses on patient safety management activities, and to confirm the mediating effect of informal learning.
Methods Responses to questionnaires from 169 novice and advanced beginner nurses in South Korea were analyzed. For model fit and hypothesis, maximum likelihood method and covariance structure modeling were used, and bootstrapping was used for significance level. Organizational factors and nursing competencies were independent variables. Informal learning and patient safety management activities were mediator and dependent variables, respectively.
Results Informal learning exhibited a partial mediating effect on the relationship between nursing competency and patient safety management activities and completely mediated the relationship between organizational factors and patient safety management activities.
Conclusion In order to improve the patient safety management activities of novice and advanced nurses, there is a need for interventions that can improve organizational changes and individual nursing competency. Based on this, it will be possible to increase patient safety management activities by developing educational programs including informal learning and improving patient safety culture.
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Purpose This study was done to identify effects of nurses' nursing service quality, importance of patient safety management and patient safety culture on patient safety management activities. Methods The participants were 246 nurses in tertiary hospitals. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results A mean score of 4.43±0.44 out of 5 was found for patient safety management activities and a mean score of 3.29±0.27 out of 4 for nursing service quality. A mean score of 3.89±0.48 out of 5 was found for importance of patient safety management and a mean score of 3.28±0.25 out of 5 for patient safety culture. Patient safety management activities were positively correlated with importance of safety management, and with patient safety culture. The results show that importance of patient safety management, patient safety culture, and length in workplace were predictive of patient safety management activities (R2=.25, p<.001). Conclusion These results suggest that importance of patient safety management and patient safety culture are associated with patient safety management activities. Intervention programs to improve patient safety management activities are needed to promote the importance of patient safety management as well as patient safety culture.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze factors related to patient safety incidents by analyzing '2018 patient safety report data' for Korea, and to prepare a plan for preventing patient safety incidents. Methods Analysis was done for 2018 patient safety report data’published in 2019. In 2018, 9,250 patient safety incidents were reported, and for this study data (3,757) from hospitals with more than 500 beds were analyzed. SPSS 25.0 was used for the crosstabulation analysis and multinominal logistic regression. Results There were no factors affecting the sentinel event. The main factors of adverse events were age, patient room, treatment room, day duty of nurses, falls, transfusions, and medication. Conclusion In order to prevent patient safety incidents, elderly patients should receive verbal and nonverbal communication that will help them understand the complexity of the disease. Finding ways to reduce nurse overtime and reduce human error by computerizing patient monitoring systems, fall prevention activities, and patient safety regulations and procedures are necessary.
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PURPOSE This study was done to identify the relationship between perception of the importance and job performance of patient safety management. METHODS This descriptive study was performed using self-report questionnaires. Participants were 200 nurses who worked at 4 tertiary university hospitals where data were collected for 4 weeks in June 2016. RESULTS The scores for perception and performance were 4.28 and 4.37 points. A positive correlation was found between perception of the importance of patient safety management and job performance (r=.74, p < .001). In regression analysis, the perception of the importance of patient safety management (β=.74, p < .001) was a significant factor in the performance of patient safety management. The regression model was statistically significant (F=134.43, p < .001) and the explanatory power of the model was 58%. CONCLUSION The findings from this study indicate a need to develop strategies to improve perception of the importance of patient safety management. Also, this data should be used as a basis to develop education programs to improve awareness of the importance of patient safety management.
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PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of perception of importance of patient safety management, patient safety culture and safety performance on managerial performance of hospital nurses. METHODS A cross-sectional design was used, with a convenience sample of 393 nurses from seven general hospitals. Data were collected through self-evaluation questionnaires. The data collection period was April and May, 2016 and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. RESULTS There were significantly positive relationships (p < .001) between hospital managerial performances and perception of importance of patient safety management (r=.36), patient safety culture (r=.51), safety performance (r=.44). Factors influencing hospital managerial performances in the hospital nurses were identified as patient safety culture (β=.34), type of hospital (advanced general hospital) (β=.31), and safety performance (β=.20). The explanation power of this regression model was 39.0% and it was statistically significant (F=183.82, p < .001). CONCLUSION The results from this study can be used to develop further management strategies for enhancement of hospital managerial performances.
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