Purpose
To validate the Korean version of the Attitudes towards Men in Nursing Questionnaire (K-AMnQ) using a sample of Korean nurses.
Methods
To measure the perceptions of male nurses, this study translated and adapted the AMnQ developed in India to the Korean context and collected data from 319 nurses. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on the collected data to verify convergent validity and discriminant validity, and the Korean version of the male nurse recognition scale was finalized with three factors and nine questions.
Results
The analysis showed that the scale had both validity and reliability.
Conclusion
This tool can be used to improve attitudes and interventions among male nurses.

Purpose
This study aimed to develop a colleague solidarity scale for nurses and to verify its validity and reliability.
Methods
Initial items were extracted through an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with twelve clinical nurses. These items were subjected to content validity testing by ten experts and face validity testing by five nurses. Subsequently, the final tool was developed using a validity and reliability test comprising 53 preliminary items. Survey data were collected from 548 hospital nurses.
Results
In the exploratory factor analysis, four factors and 33 items were selected, yielding a total cumulative variance ratio of 66.7%. Through the confirmatory factor analysis, the final tool consisting of 4 factors and 31 items was developed. The factors were as follows: “mutually beneficial community,” “nurse identity.” “rigid organizational experience,” and “supportive interaction.” These factors were verified through convergent and discriminant validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (Cronbach’s ⍺= .94).
Conclusion
This tool can serve as the basis for developing programs and strategies to strengthen solidarity among nurses by identifying the current level of colleague solidarity among hospital nurses and enhancing their understanding of it.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Job Competency Scale (JCS) for insurance review nurses working in hospitals.
Methods
The initial items were generated through a literature review and interviews with 10 experts. The content validity of the items was evaluated through content validity and face validity tests. Data from 301 insurance review nurses working in hospitals were analyzed using item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent validity; reliability was tested using Cronbach’s ⍺.
Results
The final JCS consisted of 25 items and five factors (knowledge integration, professional ethics, communication and interpersonal relationship, information literacy and problem solving, self-development) that explained 72.4% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the theoretical model comprising 25 items satisfied all goodness-of-fit parameters. Convergent validity was confirmed by the Task Performance Scale for insurance review nurses (r=.53, p<.001). The total Cronbach’s ⍺ score for scale was .94.
Conclusion
The JCS was found to be a reliable and valid instrument that can be used to measure the job competency of insurance review nurses working in hospitals.

Purpose
This study was done to determine whether the Korean version of the cyberbullying scale developed for adolescents is applicable to newly graduated nurses. Methods: This scale was composed of 14 items with the one-factor structure to measure the degree of cyberbullying and 1 item with multiple responses the media used for cyberbullying. Online survey data were collected from 279 newly graduated nurses who worked in hospital. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were conducted using SPSS/WIN 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. Results: The one-factor structure was validated through confirmatory factor analysis (x ² =360.22, df=77, Normed Fit Index (NFI)=.91, Tucker Lewis index (TLI)=.92, Comparative Fit Index (CFI)=.93, and Root Mean-Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA)=.12). The correlation coefficient between cyberbullying and workplace bullying was .50 (p<.01), confirming the criterion-related validity. The Korean version of the cyberbullying scale showed reliable internal consistency with a Cronbach’s ⍺ for the total scale of .97. Conclusion: Findings from this study demonstrate that the Korean version of the cyberbullying scale has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure cyberbullying experience among newly graduated nurses. The use of this scale will be valuable for future practice and research related to cyberbullying.

Citations

• Greener Communication: To Make Better Understand the Interaction between Aging and the Environment
  Irwansyah, Niken Febrina Ernungstya
  IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2022; 1111(1): 012070.     CrossRef

Purpose
To develop a Korean version of the practice environment scale that can verify the practice environment of advanced practice registered nurses (APRN) by verifying the validity and reliability of the Nurse practitioner's primary care organizational climate questionnaire developed by Poghosyan et al.
Methods
After translation using a committee approach and an expert group’s verification of the content validity, items were classified as 'professional visibility', 'APRN-administration relations', 'APRN-physician relations', 'independent practice and support' A total of 29 questionnaire items were developed for the four factors. Data were collected from 200 advanced practice registered nurses working at two advanced general hospitals and six general hospitals.
Results
In the confirmatory factor analysis, CFI, TLI, and RMSR evaluation indices were appropriate except for RMSEA. Partial validity was shown in convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the questions were well organized with four factors. Cronbach's ⍺ of the whole instrument was .93.
Conclusion
As a first attempt to measure the practice environment of the APRN in Korea, the results show that this questionnaire provides basic data for correct role setting and improvement of practice environment. This research will ultimately serve as a basis for cost-effective quality care.

Citations

• Effects of Role Conflict, Work Environment, and Meaning of Work on Job Embeddedness among Physician Assistants
  Kwang Hoon Seo, Tae Yeong Yang, Nam Gyu Park, Jung Eun Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2025; 31(3): 249.     CrossRef
• Development and validation of a quality of healthy work environment instrument for shift nurses
  Sun-Hwa Shin, Eun-Hye Lee
  BMC Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Job Roles of the Physician Assistants Working in the Surgical Departments of Tertiary Hospitals in Korea: Content Analysis
  Hyun Sook Lim, Hyang-In Cho Chung, Kyung Joo Choi
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2023; 29(2): 155.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
The study was done to analyze attributes of emotional labor experienced by clinical nurses working in domestic hospitals and to develop tools for measurement.
METHODS
The concept of nurse emotional labor was verified through concept analysis based on Hybrid model. The preliminary Nurse Emotional Labor Scale were examined for content validity, reliability and validity. The scale was verified with 500 nurses working in general hospitals located in Kangwon-do.
RESULTS
Attributes of the nurse emotional labor concept were derived from three types: surface type, internalize type and control behaviors and identified as having six constitutive factors: conscious surface behaviors, casual behaviors, empathy effort, repress, solve and endure. The results of the construct validity test of the tool showed 8 factors. The Nurse Emotional Labor Measurement Tool had a significant correlation (r=.35, p < .001) with the Scale of Morris & Felman in result of criterion-related validity. And the internal consistency reliability Cronbach's α coefficient was .93.
CONCLUSION
The development process showed that to accurately describe emotional labor of nurses, it is necessary to consider not only quantitative aspects but also qualitative aspects and content aspects.

Citations

• Factors Influencing Burnout in Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Room Nurses for Patients Who Attempted Suicide
  Hyo Jung Lee, Nayoon Lee
  Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing.2025; 18(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Emotional labour and turnover intention among nurses in China: Mediating effects of nurse–patient relationship and self‐rated health
  Zhixin Liu, Huanyu Zhang, Junping Liu, Juan Zhao, Yajie Feng, Jie Liu, Siyi Tao, Wei Liu, Dandan Zou, Chen Wang, Nan Wang, Zhaoyue Liu, Xinru Liu, Lin Wu, Libo Liang, Weilan Xu, Qunhong Wu, Chaojie Liu
  International Nursing Review.2024; 71(4): 841.     CrossRef
• The Influence of Emotional Labor, Positive Psychological, Capital, and Rewards on the Retention Intention among Coronavirus Disease 2019 Ward Nurses in Regional Public Hospitals
  Kyung Jin Jeon, Min Jeong Park
  Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2022; 29(2): 181.     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting on Turnover Intentions of Emergency Department Nurses who have Experienced Verbal Abuse
  Gyoo-Yeong CHO, Mi-Kyung SEO
  JOURNAL OF FISHRIES AND MARINE SCIENCES EDUCATION.2021; 33(2): 314.     CrossRef
• Effect of Emotional Coaching Program for Clinical Nurses on Resilience, Emotional Labor, and Self-efficacy
  Kyung Ryu, Jong Kyung Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2020; 50(3): 419.     CrossRef

PURPOSE
This study was done to evaluate validity and reliability of the Korean version of the expanded nursing stress scale (ENSS).
METHODS
Forward-backward translation of ENSS from English to Korean was conducted. The translated instrument was pilot-tested and administrated to 285 nurses who worked in five general hospitals in Korea. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Validity was evaluated through construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity.
RESULTS
The Korean version of ENSS showed a reliable internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha .95 and composite reliability .99. Model fit indexes for 46 items were validated by confirmatory factor analysis(goodness of fit index .82, Tucker-Lewis index .92, root mean square error of approximation .04), indicating suitable construct validity. Factor loading of the 48 items (.47~.88) and average variance extracted out of nine factors (.52~.71.) indicated satisfactory convergent validity. Some values of square of the correlation coefficient between factors (.12~.89) were higher than average variance extracted values of each factor (.52~.71) so that it partly satisfied discriminant validity.
CONCLUSION
Findings show that the Korean version ENSS has good reliability and suitable validity; therefore, can be used to assess and identify Korean nurses' job stress.

Citations

• AI‐Assisted Tailored Intervention for Nurse Burnout: A Three‐Group Randomized Controlled Trial
  Gumhee Baek, Chiyoung Cha
  Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Intentions to leave the job and nursing profession among nurses in Kenya’s referral hospitals: exploring the effects of organizational culture, work-related stress and job satisfaction
  Evans Kasmai Kiptulon, Miklós Zrínyi, Adrienn Ujváriné Siket
  BMC Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) as a job-stress assessment tool for nurses
  
  e-Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors influencing job stress in pediatric nurses during the pandemic period: Focusing on fatigue, pediatric nurse−parent partnership
  Bo Yeong Jeon, Sun Jeong Yun, Hye Young Kim
  Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Transforming nursing work environments: the impact of organizational culture on work-related stress among nurses: a systematic review
  Evans Kasmai Kiptulon, Mohammed Elmadani, Godfrey Mbaabu Limungi, Klara Simon, Lívia Tóth, Eva Horvath, Anna Szőllősi, Dahabo Adi Galgalo, Orsolya Maté, Adrienn Ujváriné Siket
  BMC Health Services Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Stress, COVID‐19 related knowledge, attitude, and infection control performance of nurses at long‐term care hospitals
  Ji Ae Shim, Sun Young Jeong
  Nursing & Health Sciences.2023; 25(2): 247.     CrossRef
• Factors affecting triage competence among emergency room nurses: A cross‐sectional study
  Seokhwa Hwang, Sujin Shin
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2023; 32(13-14): 3589.     CrossRef
• Effects of Gratitude Disposition, Social Support, and Occupational Stress of Clinical Nurses on Grit
  Ha-Na Lee, Hwee Wee
  Journal of Korean Academy of psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2023; 32(1): 56.     CrossRef
• The influence of workplace stress and coping on depressive symptoms among registered nurses in Bangladesh
  Reva Mondal, Yajai Sitthimongkol, Nopporn Vongsirimas, Natkamol Chansatitporn, Kathy Hegadoren
  Belitung Nursing Journal.2022; 8(1): 11.     CrossRef
• Effects of the Anger Management Program for Nurses
  Kyoungsun Yun, Yang-Sook Yoo
  Asian Nursing Research.2021; 15(4): 247.     CrossRef
• Emotional Labor Strategies, Stress, and Burnout Among Hospital Nurses: A Path Analysis
  Ji‐Soo Kim
  Journal of Nursing Scholarship.2020; 52(1): 105.     CrossRef
• Nursing stress factors affecting turnover intention among hospital nurses
  Eun‐Kyoung Lee, Ji‐Soo Kim
  International Journal of Nursing Practice.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Factors Affecting Quality of Work Life in a Sample of Cancer Survivor Female Nurses
  Ju Hyun Jin, Eun Ju Lee
  Medicina.2020; 56(12): 721.     CrossRef
• Psychological Capital Mediates the Association between Job Stress and Burnout of among Korean Psychiatric Nurses
  Sooyeong Kim, YoungRan Kweon
  Healthcare.2020; 8(3): 199.     CrossRef
• Influence of Secondary Trauma Stress, and Vocation on Turnover Intention of Nurses in Regional Trauma Centers
  Hyun-Gwan Lee, Ji-Soo Kim
  Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration.2020; 26(1): 65.     CrossRef
• The Nursing Stress Scale-Spanish Version: An Update to Its Psychometric Properties and Validation of a Short-form Version in Acute Care Hospital Settings
  Ana María Porcel-Gálvez, Sergio Barrientos-Trigo, Sara Bermúdez-García, Elena Fernández-García, Mercedes Bueno-Ferrán, Bárbara Badanta
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2020; 17(22): 8456.     CrossRef
• Nurses' Awareness of Psychological Distress and Delirium in Cancer Patients and Job Stress
  Mi Ae Park, Eunsook Choi
  Asian Oncology Nursing.2017; 17(4): 252.     CrossRef